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The very first and the most famous war of the believers in Islaam with the disbeliever infidels was the famous war of Badr fought by Muslims to defend Madina from being smashed by Makki pagan who came fully prepared wit-h all the necessary war arsenal. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) commanded the Muslims and the enemy was engaged in the famous plain of Badr, some 80 miles away from Madina. Allah allowed the Muslims in 2nd Hijra to have defensive fight against the enemy as in Sura Al-Baqra 11:19. This is because Muslims defend their peaceful co-existence for Allah as in Sura Aale-Imraan 111:13 to remain grateful to Allah to establish His best, system as in Sura III :123. Allah made Muslims to look double to the enemy as in Sura III :13.
Sura Anfaal gives full account of the War of Badr being the greatest event of Islaarn and the turning point, in the History of islaam. Reference is made to Sura Anfaal VIII Verses 2 to 19, Verses 41 to 47, Verses 67 to 71.
The warning about the spoils of war of Badr snatched by successful Muslim warriers from the tally defeated infidels of Makkah has been revealed in Sura Anfaal VIII: 67 to 69 where principles have been laid down about the final phase of any defensive Muslim War. The Muslims who participate in Islaam Jahaad (sacred defensive and obligatory battles to maintain the march of truth of Allah for human co-existence, peace and prosperity have been laid down in scores of verses of the Holy Quraan. But the Sura Nisaa TV: 95 is comprehensive in brief on this subject. Sura XXII: 39 to 41 and Sura LI: 251 also prescribes to establish the system of Islaam with sincerity of purpose with integrity.
Sura Nisaa IV : 75 and Sura Anfaal VIII: 39 read with Sura Baqarah II :190 to achieve the objectives of Islaam by any sacrifice.
It was the holy month of Ramadhan-ull-Mubarak in the year of 2 Hijri that Aboo Jehl spread the rumour that their caravan, loaded with riches, was coming back to Makkah from Syria, and that Madina lies in the way. Muslims intend to plunder it. The purpose of this rumour was that all those people who had invested their capital in business, and also those whose relatives were in the caravan; and those who hate Muslims; they should get suspicious against Muslims; should unanimously get ready to wage a war against Muslims. Thus Aboo Jehl succeeded in his device to revenge the migration of Holy Prophet S.A.W. and his followers, unhurt. The army of Quraysh comprised of one thousand spirited warriors which included seven hundred riders of camels and three hundred horses. Aboo Jehl marched forward leading this army. The trade caravan of Makkah which had obviously served as the cause of this military expedition of Makki infidels had travelled by another path to Makkah; yet Aboo Jehl continued advancing with this army towards Madina. Now it was clear for Muslims that protection of the caravan was only an excuse. This was only an invasion on the poor Muslims for no cause of concern from them on any account.
The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him), consulted the companions (Allah is pleased with them) on this matter. The Mahajirs (emigrants) gave a satisfactory reply. The Ansaar leader Sa'ad Bin Ma-'aaz said, "Perhaps the Holy Prophets (blessings and salutations on him) thinks that the Ansars do not think it their duty to help you (S.A.W.). We are under your (S.A.W.) kind control and will. We shall obey as you order. The battle took place on Friday, the 17th of Ramadhan-ull-Mubarak when the Muslims were fasting despite of long journey. By help and support of Allah, the infidels were defeated. Seventy of their men were arrested. Aboo Jehl was killed by two Muslim youngsters along with several Makki chiefs.
According to war-rules of those days Hadhrat Omar R.A. along with many companions of the Holy Prophet S.A.W. wanted to kill them for revenge and to over-awe the Makki invaders it was essential that all the persons who were arrested should have been murdered. But the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) as a blessing for the entire universe, set all of them free after taking ransom and deploying them on probation/parole to teach the illiterate boys, girls and elders of Madina.
The Quraysh again attacked Madina in the next year, the third year of Hijra. They were more prepared this time. They had collected subscription publicly. The poet Aboo Ghazzala went all around and persuaded Banu Kanana to help the Quraysh. Fifty thousand Misqaal of. gold and one thousand camels, from business of Syria, which was not as yet distributed, was included in the subscription.
In short, the Makki pagans as furious enemies pounded Madina with an army consisting of five thousand warriors proceeded towards Madina. This included three hundred camels, two hundred horses and seven hundred warriors, wearing armours, and others with weaponry were afoot. The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) was of the opinion that defence may be done by being besieged in Madina,but following the opinion of Muslims majority they faced the army of the Quraysh, out of Madina; near the mount, Ohud five miles away.
Muslims numbered one thousand. In the beginning Muslims defeated the enemy; but then these victorious believers left the valley where the Holy Prophet S.A.W. had appointed them to remain steadfast. On observing this Khalid Bin Waleed who was yet not a Muslim took a round and occupied the said valley, and brought Muslims in the centre. At that time Muslims suffered a heavy loss. Seventy companions (Allah is pleased with them) of the Holy Prophet S.A.W. were martyred. Major portion of the army was scattered. In the battlefield only seventy companions showed bravery; and stood steadfast in front of the enemy defending the Holy Prophet S.A.W. in direct attack of the Makki infidels.
The biggest loss, among the losses of the battle was that Hadhrat Ameer Hamza (Allah is pleased with him), uncle and great friend defender and great warrior of the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) was martyred. Hadhrat Maasub Bin Omair was also martyred Hadhrat, Ans Bin Nazar was also martyred. Hadhrat Talha (Allah is pleased with him) used his hand as a shield: and he checked the arrows, aimed at the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him), by his hand. The rumours of the martyrdom of the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) extremely depressed Muslims. During this period Hazrat-Ka'ab Bin Malik happened to sight the luminous face of the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) bleeding due to his broke tooth and bruised face. He shouted, "Be happy, the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) is here." The Holy Prophet S.A.W. asked him to keep silent. On hearing this voice, the companions gathered by his (S.A.W.) side. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) together with his companions (Allah is pleased with them) ascended the elevation of the mountain Ohud.
From the foot of the mountain Aboo Suufyan shouted, "are Muhammad (blessings and salutations of Allah on him), Hadhrat Aboo Bakr and Hazrut Omar (Allah is pleased with them) not present?" "The Holy Prophet S.A.W. asked Muslims not to reply. Aboo Suufyan repeated the same question twice or thrice. On receiving no reply he was overjoyed; and he exclaimed "Long live Hobull" (One of the idols)". At this stage the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) asked Muslims to reply.
Hadhrat Omar (Allah is pleased with him) replied "AH these persons arc all alive to make your designs futile and disgrace you." Aboo Suufyaan came forward and said "the battle has ended. The clay of Ohud has equalized day of Badr. "O' Hobull be exalted. Promise of battle next year." Obeying the order of the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) Hazrat Omar (Allah is pleased with him) replied, "The same is the time limit between both of us. After this debate enemy infidels returned to Makkah and the hypocrites quite exposed returned to Madina.. The Quraish enemy female folk also participated in war of Ohud including daughter of 'Otba, mother of Ameer Mo-aavia and wife of arch enemy of Islaam to this moment Aboo Suufyaan. She had hired a specially trained slave to kill Ameer Hamza and totally disfigured his pious body to quench her grief of Badr losses. The female folks of Islaam also participated for the first time including Hadhrat Fatima, to nurse the wounded and the seriously injured Muslim warriors.
